Denatured
Denatured is a term used to describe protein that has undergone processing techniques (such as high temperatures or ion exchange) that cause a change to the molecular structure of that...
Denatured is a term used to describe protein that has undergone processing techniques (such as high temperatures or ion exchange) that cause a change to the molecular structure of that...
Dermatitis
Dermatitis or eczema is a general term describing skin inflammation. Most types are characterised by an itchy pink or red rash, however there are 3 distinct categories: Contact...
Dermatitis or eczema is a general term describing skin inflammation. Most types are characterised by an itchy pink or red rash, however there are 3 distinct categories: Contact...
Detoxification
Detoxification within the body involves relieving over-burdened organs such as the digestive process, including the liver, of 'toxic' material. This can be achieved with dietary changes,...
Detoxification within the body involves relieving over-burdened organs such as the digestive process, including the liver, of 'toxic' material. This can be achieved with dietary changes,...
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus is a disease of poor blood sugar control. It can be due to insufficient insulin levels, insufficient hormone productions, or a decrease in number and affinity of insulin...
Diabetes mellitus is a disease of poor blood sugar control. It can be due to insufficient insulin levels, insufficient hormone productions, or a decrease in number and affinity of insulin...
Disaccharide
See Sugars.
See Sugars.
Diuretic
A compound which tends to increase the flow of urine. These can be drugs or naturally occurring compounds such as caffeine.
A compound which tends to increase the flow of urine. These can be drugs or naturally occurring compounds such as caffeine.
Dyslexia
Also called Developmental Dyslexia, this is an impaired ability to understand written language leading to reading, spelling and writing problems. Dyslexia is not caused by low intelligence...
Also called Developmental Dyslexia, this is an impaired ability to understand written language leading to reading, spelling and writing problems. Dyslexia is not caused by low intelligence...
Dysmorphia
See Muscle Dysmorphia.
See Muscle Dysmorphia.
Dyspraxia
Developmental Dyspraxia (also known as Developmental Co-ordination Disorder or Clumsy Child Syndrome) is a learning difficulty or more technically, a neurologically based disorder. The...
Developmental Dyspraxia (also known as Developmental Co-ordination Disorder or Clumsy Child Syndrome) is a learning difficulty or more technically, a neurologically based disorder. The...
Eccentric Contraction
When we think of a muscle contracting normally, we think of the muscle shortening as it generates force. During normal activity, though, muscles are often active while they are lengthening....
When we think of a muscle contracting normally, we think of the muscle shortening as it generates force. During normal activity, though, muscles are often active while they are lengthening....
Electrolytes
Electrolytes are minerals such as sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium and magnesium that provide conductivity functions for fluid passage (osmosis) through cellular membranes.
Electrolytes are minerals such as sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium and magnesium that provide conductivity functions for fluid passage (osmosis) through cellular membranes.
Enzyme
Enzymes are proteins that acts as a catalyst, increasing the rate at which chemical reactions occur. The human body contains around 10,000 different enzymes. At body temperature very few...
Enzymes are proteins that acts as a catalyst, increasing the rate at which chemical reactions occur. The human body contains around 10,000 different enzymes. At body temperature very few...
Ergocalciferol
Ergocalciferol is a form of vitamin D which is also called Vitamin D2. It is created from viosterol, which in turn is created when ultraviolet light activates ergosterol, via contact...
Ergocalciferol is a form of vitamin D which is also called Vitamin D2. It is created from viosterol, which in turn is created when ultraviolet light activates ergosterol, via contact...
Ergometer
A device that can measure work consistently and reliably. Stationary exercise bikes are among the many endurance-training machines now equipped with ergometric capabilities.
A device that can measure work consistently and reliably. Stationary exercise bikes are among the many endurance-training machines now equipped with ergometric capabilities.
Erythrocytes
Cells that contain hemoglobin and carry oxygen to the body. Also called red blood cells (RBC). The reddish color is due to the hemoglobin. Erythrocytes are biconcave in shape, which...
Cells that contain hemoglobin and carry oxygen to the body. Also called red blood cells (RBC). The reddish color is due to the hemoglobin. Erythrocytes are biconcave in shape, which...
Essential Fatty Acids (EFAs)
The body cannot produce enough essential fatty acids to sustain health so they must be supplied in the diet. The major essential fatty acids are linoleic acid (omega-6) and alpha-linolenic...
The body cannot produce enough essential fatty acids to sustain health so they must be supplied in the diet. The major essential fatty acids are linoleic acid (omega-6) and alpha-linolenic...
Esterification
This is a term for a chemical reaction between two components such as alcohol and acid, which form an ester. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.
This is a term for a chemical reaction between two components such as alcohol and acid, which form an ester. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.
Estrogen
Estrogen (or oestrogen) is a hormone that governs numerous physiological functions. In women it is one of the primary sex hormones, while in men it is found in much smaller quantities and...
Estrogen (or oestrogen) is a hormone that governs numerous physiological functions. In women it is one of the primary sex hormones, while in men it is found in much smaller quantities and...
Fair Trade
Fair trade is an equitable trade system designed to support developing countries. It provides better trading conditions to, and securing the rights of marginalised producers and workers.
Fair trade is an equitable trade system designed to support developing countries. It provides better trading conditions to, and securing the rights of marginalised producers and workers.
Fartlek
A Swedish word which literally means "speed play". This term is used to describe a type of interval training by athletes.
A Swedish word which literally means "speed play". This term is used to describe a type of interval training by athletes.
Fat
Fat is one of the three kinds of energy-giving foods in the diet. Fats are an extremely rich source of energy, with a calorie content of 9 calories per gram. This is more than twice as much...
Fat is one of the three kinds of energy-giving foods in the diet. Fats are an extremely rich source of energy, with a calorie content of 9 calories per gram. This is more than twice as much...
Fibromyalgia
A relatively common condition, estimated to effect about four percent of the population, fibromyalgia is a disorder causing chronic musculoskeletal pain and fatigue. Other symptoms include...
A relatively common condition, estimated to effect about four percent of the population, fibromyalgia is a disorder causing chronic musculoskeletal pain and fatigue. Other symptoms include...
Flavonoids
Flavonoids are naturally occurring plant compounds (also known as polyphenols). They are present in all plants (fruit, vegetable and cereals) and the average person eats about 200-300mg of...
Flavonoids are naturally occurring plant compounds (also known as polyphenols). They are present in all plants (fruit, vegetable and cereals) and the average person eats about 200-300mg of...
Folic acid
Also called folate, folic acid is a water-soluble B group vitamin essential for the synthesis of genetic material, red blood cells and protein metabolism. Folic acid is helpful in...
Also called folate, folic acid is a water-soluble B group vitamin essential for the synthesis of genetic material, red blood cells and protein metabolism. Folic acid is helpful in...
Food Acids
Added to food to give a sharp or sour taste, food acids produce the correct flavour balance and ensure consistent acidity level. They are identical to those occurring natural such as citric...
Added to food to give a sharp or sour taste, food acids produce the correct flavour balance and ensure consistent acidity level. They are identical to those occurring natural such as citric...
Food Colours
Food colour can be divided into two groups: natural colours extracted from plants or animals (such as curcumin (100), carotene (160a) and beet red (162) or artificial colours such as Sunset...
Food colour can be divided into two groups: natural colours extracted from plants or animals (such as curcumin (100), carotene (160a) and beet red (162) or artificial colours such as Sunset...
Food flavouring
Food flavours come under 3 categories: natural, synthetic, (ie: with no counterpart in nature) or ‘nature identical’. Complex mixtures made up of many components, flavourings are difficult...
Food flavours come under 3 categories: natural, synthetic, (ie: with no counterpart in nature) or ‘nature identical’. Complex mixtures made up of many components, flavourings are difficult...
Food Intolerance
Food intolerance (or Food Sensitivity) is often misunderstood with food allergy and can be difficult to diagnose. Sometimes substances within foods such as chemical additives can increase...
Food intolerance (or Food Sensitivity) is often misunderstood with food allergy and can be difficult to diagnose. Sometimes substances within foods such as chemical additives can increase...
Free Radicals
Free radicals are usually oxygen-based molecules produced by the body's metabolism as a result of ingested pollution, smoking, alcohol or a diet high in processed sugars and fats. Left...
Free radicals are usually oxygen-based molecules produced by the body's metabolism as a result of ingested pollution, smoking, alcohol or a diet high in processed sugars and fats. Left...
Free range
This term describes farm animals and birds that have been able to gain some access to open pastures and skies.
This term describes farm animals and birds that have been able to gain some access to open pastures and skies.
Fructose Malabsorption
The foods we eat are made up of many components, including sugars. Fructose is a sugar found in many foods including honey, wheat, fruit and vegetable. Fructose is present in a single sugar...
The foods we eat are made up of many components, including sugars. Fructose is a sugar found in many foods including honey, wheat, fruit and vegetable. Fructose is present in a single sugar...
Fungicides
Chemicals and chemical compounds used to prevent moulds growing on crops or food products by killing fungal spores. Organic farming prohibits their use. However, where the whole crop might...
Chemicals and chemical compounds used to prevent moulds growing on crops or food products by killing fungal spores. Organic farming prohibits their use. However, where the whole crop might...
Hereditary fructose Intolerance
A rare genetic disorder of fructose malabsorption, Hereditary Fructose Intolerance (HFI) occurs due to a deficiency of the enzyme that converts fructose into glucose. Normally, once...
A rare genetic disorder of fructose malabsorption, Hereditary Fructose Intolerance (HFI) occurs due to a deficiency of the enzyme that converts fructose into glucose. Normally, once...
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