Gout

What is it?

Gout is a common form of arthritis that is associated with raised blood levels of uric acid. This occurs due to aggregated deposits of urate crystals in and around the joints of the extremities, but also in body tissues such as bone and cartilage. In half of all cases it is manifested by inflammation of the joint of the big toe. This results in intense pain and if the attack progresses fever and chills will appear. The first attacks normally occur at night and are usually preceded by a specific event such as dietary excess, drinking alcohol, trauma, certain drugs or surgery. Periods without symptoms between attacks are common.

Possible causes:

Genetics and dietary factors appear to be the cause of high uric levels and gout. High intake of alcohol, high-purine content foods (organ meats, shellfish, yeast, herring, sardines, mackerel and anchovies), saturated fats and refined carbohydrates are contributing factors. Excess weight is associated with increased rate of gout.

Treatment methods:

Liberal fluid intake is essential in diluting the urine and promoting excretion of uric acid. Supplementation with omega-3 oils limit the production of the mediators to inflammation observed in gout. The antioxidants vitamin E and selenium will prove beneficial, while folic acid helps inhibit the enzyme responsible for uric acid production.