Home > Muscle & Fitness > News > Nutrition & supplementsA staple in Australian and American elite sports and bodybuilding regimes, creatine has one of the finest records of all supplements for its muscle growth, energy and recovery benefits. But concerns are often raised regarding the long-term use of creatine and its impact on health. While the majority of studies into creatine have been positive, few studies have observed creatine use over periods any longer than 12 weeks. One recent study aimed to test the health effects of creatine supplementation over 21 months. Its findings echo a 2002 study which looked at the effects of creatine over five years. In the more recent study, researchers at the University of Memphis, Tennessee, observed creatine use in 98 college footballers, keeping 44 on a non-creatine regime while splitting the remaining subjects into three groups: 0-7, 7-12 and 12-21 months' creatine usage. The creatine groups took 15.75g creatine a day for 5 days then 5g-10g a day thereafter. Blood and urine samples were taken at nine different stages during the program. The samples underwent comprehensive testing for a variety of key health indicators, including kidney function, muscle and liver enzymes, lymphocytes and various metabolic markers. They found no significant difference in health status between any of the creatine users when compared to the non-creatine group. The earlier study from Truman State University, comparing for liver and kidney function, found no significant difference between a 5.6-year creatine group of college footballers and a non-creatine group. |
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